5 Axis CNC Router

Detailed Knowledge About 5 Axis CNC Router

These routers are somewhat like the 3, 4 axis CNC machine kit, but they have two additional axis they can move along. These additional axis allow for shorter project time due to their capability of cutting five edges of the material simultaneously. However, due to the fact that these machines have a longer X-axis, it makes for less stability and accuracy-potentially requiring more of your attention than a 3, 4 axis CNC router kit.

The 5 axis CNC machining center has the characteristics of high efficiency and high precision, and the pentahedron can be processed in one clamping of the workpiece. If equipped with a five-axis linkage high-end numerical control system, it can also perform high-precision processing of complex spatial surfaces, and is more suitable for processing modern molds such as auto parts and aircraft structural parts. There are two ways for the rotary axis of the five-axis vertical machining center. One is the table rotary axis. The table set on the bed can rotate around the X axis, which is defined as the A axis. The general working range of the A axis is +30 degrees to- 120 degrees. There is also a rotary table in the middle of the worktable, which rotates around the Z axis at the position, which is defined as the C axis, and the C axis rotates 360 degrees. In this way, through the combination of A-axis and C-axis, except for the five-axis machining center on the bottom surface of the workpiece fixed on the worktable, the other five surfaces can be processed by the vertical spindle. The minimum graduation value of A-axis and C-axis is generally 0.001 degrees, so that the workpiece can be subdivided into any angle, and inclined surfaces, inclined holes, etc. can be processed. If the A-axis and C-axis are linked with the X, Y, Z three linear axes, complex spatial surfaces can be processed. Of course, this requires the support of high-end CNC systems, servo systems and software. The advantage of this arrangement is that the structure of the spindle is relatively simple, the rigidity of the spindle is very good, and the manufacturing cost is relatively low. However, the general worktable cannot be designed to be too large, and the load-bearing capacity is also small, especially when the A-axis rotation is greater than or equal to 90 degrees, the workpiece will bring a large load-bearing moment to the worktable when cutting. The other is to rely on the rotation of the vertical spindle head. The front end of the main shaft is a revolving head, which can circle the Z axis 360 degrees to become the C axis. The revolving head also has an A axis that can rotate around the X axis, which can generally reach more than ±90 degrees to achieve the same function as above. The advantage of this setting method is that the spindle processing is very flexible, the worktable can also be designed to be very large, and the huge fuselage and huge engine shell of the passenger aircraft can be processed on this type of machining center.

This design also has a big advantage: when we use spherical milling cutters to process curved surfaces, when the center line of the tool is perpendicular to the machined surface, since the linear velocity of the apex of the spherical milling cutter is zero, the surface quality of the workpiece cut by the apex will be poor. The design of the spindle rotation is adopted to make the spindle rotate an angle relative to the workpiece, so that the spherical milling cutter avoids the apex cutting, guarantees a certain linear speed, and improves the surface processing quality. This structure is very popular for high-precision surface machining of molds, which is difficult for rotary table machining centers to achieve. In order to achieve the high precision of rotation, the high-end rotary axis is also equipped with circular grating feedback, and the indexing accuracy is within a few seconds. Of course, the rotation structure of this type of spindle is more complicated and the manufacturing cost is also high.

Application of 5 Axis CNC Router

Marine

They use 5-Axis cnc routers to manufacture complex shapes for boats and yachts like hulls, decks, and bulkheads.

Medical Industry

They use 5-Axis cnc routers to manufacture medical devices and implants that require high precision and accuracy, like orthopedic implants, surgical instruments, and dental components.

Automotive

They use 5-Axis cnc routers to manufacture parts such as molds, dies, and complex body panels.

Aerospace

They use 5-Axis cnc routers to manufacture complex parts with tight tolerances for aerospace applications like engine components, wing sections, and fuselage parts.

Maintenance Precautions of 5 Axis CNC Router

Before starting the machine every day, check whether the air source pressure is above 0.6Mpa, and then operate the machine to start working. Before going to work every day, check the incoming line of the distribution box to ensure that it is correct and safe, then turn on the power and start the production according to the correct operation steps.

Clean the dust on the track in time before starting the processing every day. Impurities, to ensure the overall cleanliness of the machine.

After cleaning up every day, turn on the oil injection system to ensure that there is oil in the track of each shaft, and check the oil to see if the oil is added. After getting off work every day, press the green button on the left side of the 9W spindle to manually remove the tool holder, and then press the green button to put it back on the spindle the next day.

Check whether the water is enough before using the water-cooled vacuum pump every day. It is best to ensure that the water level is at the position of the filter.

Every day, the air storage tank under the machine bed, the double body (oil-water separator), and the air compressor air storage tank must be drained to prevent water vapor from entering the air circuit, causing the solenoid valve to rust and fail.